Harway, M. & O'Neil, J.M. (Eds.) (1999) What causes men's violence against women? Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Foreword- Senator Joseph R. Biden, Jr., (D) Delaware

Preface

Section I-Book content and critiques of O'Neil and Harway's multivariate model explaining men's violence against women

Chapter 1: What causes men to be violent against women? The unanswered and controversial question-Michele Harway and James M. O'Neil

Past controversies related to explaining men's violence against women Limitations of previous theories explaining men's violence against women The process of writing the book and its organization Sections and chapters of the book

Chapter 2: Preliminary multivariate model explaining the causes of men's violence against women-James M. O'Neil and Michele Harway Preliminary multivariate model explaining men's violence against women: Definitions and hypotheses Macro-societal hypotheses of men's violence against women Biological hypotheses explaining men's violence against women Gender-role socialization and gender-role conflict hypotheses explaining men's violence against women Relational hypotheses explaining men's violence against women Summary of the multivariate model explaining men's violence against women

Chapter 3: Feminist perspectives on male violence against women: Critiquing O'Neil and Harway's model-Amy J. Marin and Nancy Felipe Russo

Feminist contributions
Violence: Naming its multiple forms, identifying common roots
A critique of Harway's and O'Neil's Multivariate Model
Macro-societal explanations
Biology-related explanations
Gender-role-related explanations
Intergender relational explanations
Partner violence through a feminist lens

Chapter 4: Male Offenders: Our understanding from the data-Richard J. Gelles

Methodological approaches to the study of batterers
Correlates of male battering
Experiencing and witnessing violence
Individual characteristics
Power and control
Social factors
Evaluating empirical and theoretical support for the thirteen hypotheses
Macrosocietal explanations
Biological, neuroanatomical, hormonal explanations
Men's restrictive and sexist gender-role socialization and specific patterns of gender-role conflict
Intergender relational explanation of violence toward women
Conclusion

Section II-Biological, Neuroanatomical, Hormonal, and Evolutionary Factors Explaining Men's Violence Against Women

Chapter 5: Biological perspectives on violence against women-Anthony F. Greene

Genetic theories
Endocrine theories
Neurotransmitter theories
Brain dysfunction theories
Summary of biological theories

Chapter 6: The evolutionary origins of male violence against women-Louise B. Silverstein

Evolutionary psychology: The Thornhills' rape adaptation hypothesis
The environment of evolutionary adaptation (EEA)
A priori predictions
The sociobiological approach
The relevance of nonhuman animal data
Cross-species analysis
Three ape cultures
A speculative account of the evolution of patriarchy
Men's violence against women
A counter-strategy to male violence: Female cooperation within Bonobo society
The evolutionary perspective as a model for change
Recommendations for change
Conclusion

Section III-Men's and Women's Gender-Role Socialization and Gender-Role Conflict Factors Explaining Men's Violence Against Women

Chapter 7: Men's gender-role conflict, defense mechanisms, and self protective defensive strategies: Explaining men's violence against women from a gender-role socialization perspective-James M. O'Neil and Rodney A. Nadeau

Men's gender roles as predictors of violence against women: Vague concepts and limited research
Patriarchy, sexism, and gender-role stereotypes as organizers of society
The masculine mystique and value system: The cradle of violence toward women
Masculine gender-role identity: Conscious and unconscious aspects of masculinity and femininity
Predisposing dynamics of masculine gender-role identity: Distorted gender-role schemas, fears of femininity and fears of emasculation
Distorted gender-role schemas
Fear of femininity
Fears of emasculation
Gender-role conflict: Predisposing men to defensiveness, negative psychological health and deep emotions
Men's defense mechanisms and self-protective strategies defined
Control and power as self protective defensive strategy
Restrictive emotionality as a self-protective defensive strategy
Homophobia and heterosexism as self-protective defensive strategies
Summary of predisposing dynamics of men's violence toward women
The triggering dynamics of men's violence against women
Power conflicts, threats, abuses of power, and psychological violence defined
Situational triggering events in men's lives
Breakdown of defenses and self-protective defensive strategies
Implications of the conceptual model for understanding men's violence against women

Chapter 8: Women's gender-role socialization/conflict and abuse: A review of predisposing factors-Roberta L. Nutt

Infancy
Childhood
Adolescence
Young adulthood
Middle and later adulthood
The senior years
Summary and conclusions

Section IV-Relational and Interactional Factors Explaining Men's Violence Against Women

Chapter 9: Systems perspectives on battering: The importance of context and pattern-Stephen A. Anderson and Margaret C. Schlossberg

Definition
A critical assessment of systems theory
Strengths and limitations of systems perspectives
Contextual factors related to battering
Interaction patterns associated with battering
Future research questions derived from systems perspectives
Conclusion

Chapter 10: Intergender relational dimensions of violence toward women: A co-constructive-developmental perspective-Sandra Rigazio-DiGilio and A. Stephan Lanza

Introduction
Systemic cognitive-developmental theory
The foundational assumptions undergirding SCDT
Linking SCDT assumptions to the intergender relational hypotheses
Operationalizing intergender-relational dimensions of violence
Cognitive-developmental orientations
Using DCT to categorize individual orientations
Research implications related to individual cognitive- developmental orientations
Using SCDT to categorize collective cognitive- developmental orientations
Research implications related to collective cognitive- developmental orientations
Phases of relational development
The relationship between developmental phases and partnership violence
Research implications related to phases of relational development
Categorizing cognitive-developmental structures
The relationship between cognitive-developmental structures and partnership violence
Research implications related to cognitive-developmental structures
Adaptation and change processes
The relationship between adaptation and change processes and partnership violence
Research implications related to adaptation and change processes
Co-constructive transactions
The relationship between co-constructive transactions and partnership violence
The research implications related to co-constructive transactions
Using a co-constructive-developmental framework to advance theory and research
Conclusion

Section V-Macrosocietal, racial and cultural explanations of violence against women

Chapter 11: The interaction between societal violence and domestic violence: Racial and cultural factors-Janis Sanchez-Hucles and Mary Ann Dutton

Societal factors
Current and historical patterns of cultural violence
Sociocultural and structural barriers
The lack of significant consequences for domestic violence
Cultural factors
Group versus individual orientation
The role of religion
Gender-role expectations, tensions and strain
Cultural stereotypes
Denial, minimization and tolerance of violence and abuse
Individual factors
The interaction of societal, cultural and individual factors
Resiliency
Comparison between domestic violence and other forms of societal violence
The social characteristics of violence
The sequelae of violence
Summary and conclusions

Section VI-Chapter Summaries, Theoretical Propositions, Revised Multivariate Model of Men's Risk Factors, New Hypotheses and Preventive Recommendations

Chapter 12: Revised multivariate model explaining men's risk factors for violence against women: Chapter summaries, theoretical propositions, new hypotheses and proactive recommendations - James M. O'Neil and Michele Harway

Summary of Chapters 3-11
Theoretical propositions explaining men's risk factors for violence against women
General propositions explaining men's risk for violence against women
A revised multivariate model explaining men's risk for violence against women
Definition of multiple risk factors in Figure 1
The interactive relationships of the risk factors in Figure 1
Macro-societal propositions and hypotheses
Macro-societal propositions
Macro-societal hypotheses
Biological propositions and hypotheses
Biological propositions
Biological hypotheses
Socialization and gender-role socialization proposition and hypotheses
Socialization and gender-role socialization proposition
Socialization and gender-role socialization hypotheses
Psychological and Psychosocial propositions and hypotheses
Psychological proposition
Psychosocial proposition
Psychological and psychosocial hypotheses
Relational proposition and hypotheses
Relational proposition
Relational hypotheses
Men's risk and protective factors' relationship to vulnerability and resilience to violence
Recommendations to prevent men's violence against women
Theory and model development
Research and testing hypotheses on men's risk factors for violence against women
Prevention and training programs
Advocacy, alliances and public policy initiatives
Reflections and concluding comments on understanding a multivariate model to explain men's violence against women

Appendix A

List of Tables and Figures

Table 1-Chapter 2
Figure 1-Chapter 2
Table 1-Chapter 3
Figure 1-Chapter 7
Table 1-Chapter 7
Table 1-Chapter 8
Table 1-Chapter 10
Table 2-Chapter 10
Table 3-Chapter 10
Table 1-Chapter 11
Table 1-Chapter 12
Table 2-Chapter 12
Table 3-Chapter 12
Table 4-Chapter 12
Table 5-Chapter 12
Table 6-Chapter 12
Table 7-Chapter 12
Figure 1-Chapter 12
Figure 2-Chapter 12

Table of Contents